The high-density 3k43k-4 conjecture modulo a prime

Let G=Z/pZG=\mathbb Z/p\mathbb Z with p2p\geq 2 prime, let A,BGA,B\subseteq G be nonempty subsets with A+BGA+B\neq G, and set C=G(A+B)C=-G\setminus(A+B). Suppose AB|A|\geq |B| and

A+B=A+B+rmin{A+2B3δB,  pr3δC},|A+B|=|A|+|B|+r\leq \min\{|A|+2|B|-3-\delta_B,\;p-r-3-\delta_C\},

where, for X{A,B,C}X\in\{A,B,C\} with (X,Y,Z)(X,Y,Z) a permutation of (A,B,C)(A,B,C),

δX={1if r0 and X is a translate of either Y or Z,1if r2Y and Z are translates of each other, and Y=Z=r+4,0otherwise.\delta_X=\begin{cases}1 & \text{if $r\geq 0$ and $X$ is a translate of either $Y$ or $Z$},\\1 & \text{if $r\geq 2$, $Y$ and $Z$ are translates of each other, and $|Y|=|Z|=r+4$},\\0 & \text{otherwise.}\end{cases}

The high-density 3k43k-4 conjecture. There are arithmetic progressions PA,PB,PCGP_A,P_B,P_C\subseteq G, all having a common difference, such that

XPXandPXX+r+1for all X{A,B,C}.X\subseteq P_X\quad\text{and}\quad |P_X|\leq |X|+r+1\quad\text{for all $X\in\{A,B,C\}$}.

This conjecture seeks a sharp extension of the integer 3k43k-4 theorem to sumsets in Z/pZ\mathbb Z/p\mathbb Z when the sumset and its complement satisfy the stated high-density bounds. The parser supplies no evidence resolving it, so its status is recorded as open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

David J. Grynkiewicz, “The 3k-4 Theorem modulo a Prime: High Density for A+B”, arXiv:2402.15028 (2024).

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