Critical catenoid uniqueness for first-Steklov-eigenfunction embeddings

Let NN be an orientable surface with two boundary components, and let Ψ:(N,g)B3\Psi:(N,g)\to\mathbb{B}^3 be a free boundary minimal embedding by σ1(N,g)\sigma_1(N,g)-eigenfunctions, with multiplicity of σ1(N,g)\sigma_1(N,g) equal to 33. Suppose Ξ\Xi is a free boundary harmonic map to B3\mathbb{B}^3 by σ1(N,g)\sigma_1(N,g)-eigenfunctions and is not AΨA\Psi for any AO(3)A\in O(3). First-Steklov uniqueness conjecture. Then (N,g)(N,g) is the critical catenoid. The source presents this as an open conjecture that would simplify the proof of the existence theorem.

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Primary source

Mikhail Karpukhin, Robert Kusner, Peter McGrath and Daniel Stern, “Embedded minimal surfaces in S^3 and B^3 via equivariant eigenvalue optimization”, arXiv:2402.13121 (2024).

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