Conjecture on the zeros of the Mittag–Leffler function with second parameter 2

From papers

Let Eα,βE_{\alpha,\beta} denote the Mittag–Leffler function. There exists some α0(1.59911,1.59912)\alpha_0\in(1.59911,1.59912), and for αα0\alpha\geq\alpha_0 let Z2(α)Z_2(\alpha) denote the smallest positive solution of Eα,2(zα)=0E_{\alpha,2}(-z^\alpha)=0.

Smallest-zero conjecture for Eα,2E_{\alpha,2}. For each α[α0,2]\alpha\in[\alpha_0,2], the equation

Eα,2(zα)=0E_{\alpha,2}(-z^\alpha)=0

has at least one solution in (0,)(0,\infty). As α2\alpha\to2-,

Z2(α)=π+(2α)+o(2α),Z_2(\alpha)=\pi+(2-\alpha)+o(2-\alpha),

and as αα0+\alpha\to\alpha_0+,

Z2(α)=Z2(α0)+c(αα0)b(1+o(1)),Z_2(\alpha)=Z_2(\alpha_0)+c(\alpha-\alpha_0)^b(1+o(1)),

where Z2(α0)5.21066Z_2(\alpha_0)\approx5.21066, b1/2b\approx1/2, and c4.8c\approx-4.8. Furthermore, Z2(α)Z_2(\alpha) is strictly decreasing in α\alpha. For each α(1,α0)\alpha\in(1,\alpha_0), Eα,2(zα)>0E_{\alpha,2}(-z^\alpha)>0 for all z0z\geq0.

The threshold and the asserted behavior are based on numerical observations; the exact value of α0\alpha_0 and the stated asymptotics and monotonicity remain unproved here. The context attributes the existence of a threshold to earlier work but does not establish these precise claims.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Renu Chaudhary, Kai Diethelm and Safoura Hashemishahraki, “On the separation of solutions to fractional differential equations of order α(1,2)”, arXiv:2401.14771 (2024).

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