The topological-recursion tau-function conjecture for Fay identities

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Let S{\cal S} be a spectral curve with topological-recursion invariants Fg(S)F_g({\cal S}) and ωg,n(S)\omega_{g,n}({\cal S}), and let \hbar be a small parameter. Define the formal tau function T(1S){\cal T}(\hbar^{-1}{\cal S}) by the differential expansion in the theta function Θ^\hat\Theta, with coefficients Fg(m)(S)F_g^{(\vec m)}({\cal S}) obtained by integrating ωg,m(S)\omega_{g,|\vec m|}({\cal S}) over the chosen cycles. The Fay identities are the identities

T(S+D)T(S)=detT(S+[zj][z~i])T(S)\frac{{\cal T}({\cal S}+D)}{{\cal T}({\cal S})}=\det\frac{{\cal T}({\cal S}+[z_j]-[\tilde z_i])}{{\cal T}({\cal S})}

for supersymmetric divisors D=i=1n[zi][z~i]D=\sum_{i=1}^n[z_i]-[\tilde z_i]. Tau-function conjecture from topological recursion. The formal tau function T(1S){\cal T}(\hbar^{-1}{\cal S}) satisfies the Fay identities, order by order in \hbar. This asserts that topological recursion produces a formal solution of the Fay/Hirota equations. The conjecture has been verified for the first three orders in \hbar for arbitrary compact spectral curves, while the full all-orders statement is unresolved.

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Primary source

Bertrand Eynard and Soufiane Oukassi, “Hirota, Fay and Geometry”, arXiv:2401.08317 (2024).

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