Periodic replication conjecture for zero-dipole configurations

Let Ω\Omega be the periodic domain, let (U~,V~)(\widetilde U,\widetilde V) satisfy U~=m|\widetilde U|=m and V~=ζm|\widetilde V|=\zeta m, and let the configuration have zero dipole moment

Ωx(1U~(x)1V~(x)ζ)dx=0.\int_\Omega \vec x\left(\bm1_{\widetilde U}(\vec x)-\frac{\bm1_{\widetilde V}(\vec x)}{\zeta}\right)\,\mathrm d\vec x=\vec0.

For each positive integer jj, let (U~j,V~j)(\widetilde U_j,\widetilde V_j) be the juxtaposition of jnj^n copies, with jj copies along each coordinate direction, and let EE and E~\widetilde E denote the finite-periodic and infinite-periodic energies, respectively.

Periodic replication conjecture. Without requiring (U~,V~)(\widetilde U,\widetilde V) to be a global minimizer or compactly supported in Ω\Omega, one has

E~(U~,V~)=limjE(U~j,V~j)jn.\widetilde E(\widetilde U,\widetilde V)=\lim_{j\to\infty}\frac{E(\widetilde U_j,\widetilde V_j)}{j^n}.

This conjecture asserts that zero dipole moment is sufficient for the energy density of a periodically replicated configuration to converge to the infinite-periodic energy. The source presents it as a belief extending the asymptotics beyond compactly supported global minimizers, and provides no proof.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Qiang Du, James M. Scott and Zirui Xu, “Ohta-Kawasaki energy for amphiphiles: asymptotics and phase-field simulations”, arXiv:2401.05679 (2024).

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