The NCHO quasi-partition-function conjecture

Let QQ be the non-commutative harmonic oscillator (NCHO), with eigenvalues {λj}j1\{\lambda_j\}_{j\geq1}, partition function

ZQ(t):=j=1eλjt,Z_Q(t):=\sum_{j=1}^{\infty}e^{-\lambda_jt},

and quasi-partition function

Z~Q(t):=k=0(1)kζQ(k)k!tk+α+βαβ(αβ1)t1.\widetilde{Z}_Q(t):=\sum_{k=0}^{\infty}(-1)^k\frac{\zeta_Q(-k)}{k!}t^k+\frac{\alpha+\beta}{\sqrt{\alpha\beta(\alpha\beta-1)}}t^{-1}.

NCHO quasi-partition-function conjecture. The following are expected: (1) Z~Q(t)=ZQ(t)\widetilde{Z}_Q(t)=Z_Q(t); and (2), under (1), if

ZQ(t)=2k=0(1)kBQ,kk!tk1,Z_Q(t)=2\sum_{k=0}^{\infty}(-1)^k\frac{B_{Q,k}}{k!}t^{k-1},

then BQ,kB_{Q,k} has the same asymptotic behavior as the Bernoulli polynomial Bk(τ)B_k(\tau) at τ=12\tau=\frac12 as kk\to\infty. The first assertion identifies the regularized quasi-partition function with the spectral partition function of the NCHO, while the second controls the Taylor expansion at the origin and the resulting meromorphic continuation of the spectral zeta function. The source presents both assertions as expected and gives no resolution.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Kazufumi Kimoto and Masato Wakayama, “Partition functions for non-commutative harmonic oscillators and related divergent series”, arXiv:2312.07912 (2024).

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