The inhomogeneous-shift classification conjecture for multiplicative functions

Let f:NZf:\mathbb{N}\to\mathbb{Z} be multiplicative and satisfy

p:f(p)11p=.\sum_{p:\,|f(p)|\neq 1}\frac{1}{p}=\infty.

For nonzero a,bZa,b\in\mathbb{Z}, define

Nf,a,b:={nN:f(n+a)=f(n)+b},\mathcal{N}_{f,a,b}:=\{n\in\mathbb{N}:f(n+a)=f(n)+b\},

and let δ\delta denote logarithmic density. Also define

Ef:={p:f(p)p}.\mathcal{E}_f:=\{p:|f(p)|\neq p\}.

Inhomogeneous-shift classification conjecture. If δ(Nf,a,b)0\delta(\mathcal{N}_{f,a,b})\neq 0 for some nonzero a,bZa,b\in\mathbb{Z}, then

pEf1p<.\sum_{p\in\mathcal{E}_f}\frac{1}{p}<\infty.

Moreover, if ff is completely multiplicative, then there is a divisor dd of aa such that

f(d)band(a/d)(b/f(d)).f(d)\mid b \qquad\text{and}\qquad (a/d)\mid (b/f(d)).

This conjecture aims to classify multiplicative functions for which an inhomogeneous shift equation has positive logarithmic density. The supplied text does not state that it has been proved or disproved.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Alexander P. Mangerel, “Gap problems for integer-valued multiplicative functions”, arXiv:2311.11636 (2023).

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