k-multi-layered maximizer conjecture at a root-of-unity specialization

Fix kZ>0k\in\mathbb{Z}_{>0}, let ζ\zeta be a kk-th root of unity, and let Φwk\Phi_w^k denote the principal specialization Sw(1,q,q2,)\mathfrak{S}_w(1,q,q^2,\ldots) at q=ζq=\zeta. Define

uk(n):=maxwSnΦwk,u_k(n):=\max_{w\in S_n}\Phi_w^k,

and let vk(n)v_k(n) be the corresponding maximum over kk-multi-layered permutations. k-multi-layered maximizer conjecture. Given kZ>0k\in\mathbb{Z}_{>0}, for every nn, all permutations reaching the maximum uk(n)u_k(n) under principal specialization Sw(1,q,q2,)\mathfrak{S}_w(1,q,q^2,\ldots) at q=ζq=\zeta are kk-multi-layered permutations. In other words,

uk(n)=vk(n).u_k(n)=v_k(n).

Thus, there is a limit

limnlog2νk(n)n2=γklog2.\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{\log_2\nu_k(n)}{n^2}=\frac{\gamma}{k\log 2}.

The paper proves matching asymptotics for the restricted maximum vk(n)v_k(n) and gives general upper and lower bounds for uk(n)u_k(n); the unrestricted maximization statement and its limiting formula remain open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Ningxin Zhang, “Principal specializations of Schubert polynomials, multi-layered permutations and asymptotics”, arXiv:2311.04487 (2023).

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