Selberg's orthogonality conjecture for self-dual cuspidal automorphic representations

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Let π\pi and π′\pi' be self-dual unitary cuspidal automorphic representations of GL⁡m(A)\operatorname{GL}_m(\mathbb A) and GL⁡m′(A)\operatorname{GL}_{m'}(\mathbb A), respectively, and let SS be a finite set of primes. Selberg's orthogonality conjecture. For every x>0x>0,

∑p≤xp∉Sλπ(p)λπ′(p)p={log⁡log⁡x+Oπ,π′,S(1)if π=π′,Oπ,π′,S(1)otherwise.\sum_{\substack{p\leq x\\p\notin S}}\frac{\lambda_\pi(p)\lambda_{\pi'}(p)}{p}=\begin{cases}\log\log x+O_{\pi,\pi',S}(1)&\text{if }\pi=\pi',\\O_{\pi,\pi',S}(1)&\text{otherwise}.\end{cases}

Here λπ(p)\lambda_\pi(p) and λπ′(p)\lambda_{\pi'}(p) are the prime Hecke eigenvalues. This conjecture is presented as an implication of the strong multiplicity one conjecture above; the paper uses it to deduce that conjecture, but no resolution is supplied here.

References

Primary source

Xiyuan Wang, Zhining Wei, Pan Yan and Shaoyun Yi, “Some remarks on strong multiplicity one for paramodular forms”, arXiv:2310.17144 (2026).

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