Linear convergence of the Collatz method for dual number matrices

Let A=As+AdεA=A_s+A_d\varepsilon be a primitive dual number matrix, and let λ\lambda be its Perron eigenvalue. Starting from a dual number vector with positive standard part, define the Collatz iterates by

xk+1=ykyk2,yk+1=Axk+1,\mathbf{x}^{k+1}=\frac{\mathbf{y}^{k}}{\|\mathbf{y}^{k}\|_2},\qquad \mathbf{y}^{k+1}=A\mathbf{x}^{k+1},

and define

λk=mini(Axk)ixik,λk=maxi(Axk)ixik.\underline{\lambda}_k=\min_i\frac{(A\mathbf{x}^k)_i}{x_i^k},\qquad \overline{\lambda}_k=\max_i\frac{(A\mathbf{x}^k)_i}{x_i^k}.

Collatz convergence-rate conjecture. What is the condition such that both sequences {λk}\{\underline{\lambda}_k\} and {λk}\{\overline{\lambda}_k\} converge to the same dual number λ\lambda, and what is the convergence rate?

The monotonicity bounds are known, and the standard parts of the two sequences are known to converge linearly to the same number. The conjecture concerns convergence of the full dual-number sequences and the conditions and rate required for that convergence; the paper states that it gives a positive answer in the following analysis.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Yongjun Chen and Liping Zhang, “Linear convergence of the Collatz method for computing the Perron eigenpair of primitive dual number matrix”, arXiv:2309.04807 (2023).

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