The noncongruence-surjection conjecture for finite simple groups

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Let F2F_2 be the free group of rank 22, let GG be a nonabelian finite simple group, and let φ:F2→G\varphi:F_2\to G be a surjection. Denote by Γφ\Gamma_\varphi the stabilizer of the corresponding point under the relevant SL⁡2(Z)\operatorname{SL}_2(\mathbb{Z}) action.

Noncongruence-surjection conjecture. If GG is a nonabelian finite simple group, then there exists a surjection φ:F2→G\varphi:F_2\to G such that Γφ\Gamma_\varphi is noncongruence. Equivalently, the kernel of the SL⁡2(Z)\operatorname{SL}_2(\mathbb{Z}) action on Epi⁡(F2,G)/Inn⁡(G)\operatorname{Epi}(F_2,G)/\operatorname{Inn}(G) is noncongruence.

This is proposed as a weakening of an earlier conjecture after the paper finds many noncongruence surjections and infinitely many counterexamples to that earlier statement. The proposed weakening remains open in the supplied text.

References

Primary source

William Y. Chen, Alex Lubotzky and Pham Huu Tiep, “Finite simple characteristic quotients of the free group of rank 2”, arXiv:2308.14302 (2023).

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