Jespers–Sun's nilpotent decomposition conjecture for integral group rings

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Let GG be a finite group. Say that GG has nilpotent decomposition (ND) if, for every nilpotent element n∈ZGn\in\mathbb{Z}G and every central idempotent e∈QGe\in\mathbb{Q}G, one has ne∈ZGne\in\mathbb{Z}G. Write the Wedderburn–Artin decomposition as

QG=Mn1(D1)⊕⋯⊕Mnℓ(Dℓ),\mathbb{Q}G=M_{n_1}(D_1)\oplus\cdots\oplus M_{n_\ell}(D_\ell),

where each DiD_i is a division algebra; GG has at most one matrix component when at most one of the integers nin_i is greater than 11.

Jespers–Sun's conjecture. A finite group GG has ND if and only if QG\mathbb{Q}G has at most one matrix component.

The implication from having at most one matrix component to ND is immediate from the decomposition, since a division algebra has no nontrivial unipotent elements. The converse is the open direction, concerning whether ND can occur when multiple simple components have nontrivial matrix size.

References

Primary source

Geoffrey Janssens and Leo Margolis, “On integral decomposition of unipotent elements in integral group rings”, arXiv:2307.14820 (2025).

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