Jespers–Sun's nilpotent decomposition conjecture for integral group rings

Let GG be a finite group. Say that GG has nilpotent decomposition (ND) if, for every nilpotent element nZGn\in\mathbb{Z}G and every central idempotent eQGe\in\mathbb{Q}G, one has neZGne\in\mathbb{Z}G. Write the Wedderburn–Artin decomposition as

QG=Mn1(D1)Mn(D),\mathbb{Q}G=M_{n_1}(D_1)\oplus\cdots\oplus M_{n_\ell}(D_\ell),

where each DiD_i is a division algebra; GG has at most one matrix component when at most one of the integers nin_i is greater than 11.

Jespers–Sun's conjecture. A finite group GG has ND if and only if QG\mathbb{Q}G has at most one matrix component.

The implication from having at most one matrix component to ND is immediate from the decomposition, since a division algebra has no nontrivial unipotent elements. The converse is the open direction, concerning whether ND can occur when multiple simple components have nontrivial matrix size.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Geoffrey Janssens and Leo Margolis, “On integral decomposition of unipotent elements in integral group rings”, arXiv:2307.14820 (2025).

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