Hamel–Nadirashvili's one-stagnation-point circular-flow conjecture

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Let DD be an open non-empty disk of radius R>0R>0 centered at the origin, and let nn be the outward unit normal on ∂D\partial D. A flow v\mathbf{v} is circular if v(x)\mathbf{v}(x) is parallel to eθ(x)=(−x2/∣x∣,x1/∣x∣)\mathbf{e}_\theta(x)=\left(-x_2/|x|,x_1/|x|\right) for every x∈D\{0}x\in D\backslash\{0\}. Let v∈C2(D‾)\mathbf{v}\in C^2(\overline{D}) solve the stationary two-dimensional Euler equations in DD, with v⋅n=0\mathbf{v}\cdot n=0 on ∂D\partial D.

Hamel–Nadirashvili's weaker conjecture. If z∈Dz\in D is the only stagnation point of v\mathbf{v} in D‾\overline{D}, meaning that ∣v(z)∣=0|\mathbf{v}(z)|=0 and ∣v∣>0|\mathbf{v}|>0 in D‾\{z}\overline{D}\backslash\{z\}, then zz is the origin and v\mathbf{v} is a circular flow.

This weaker version is presented as more promising than the punctured-disk conjecture, while still asserting that a steady flow with exactly one interior stagnation point must be centered and circular.

References

Primary source

Yuchen Wang and Weicheng Zhan, “A Liouville theorem for the Euler equations in a disk”, arXiv:2306.00302 (2023).

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