Hamel–Nadirashvili's one-stagnation-point circular-flow conjecture

Let DD be an open non-empty disk of radius R>0R>0 centered at the origin, and let nn be the outward unit normal on D\partial D. A flow v\mathbf{v} is circular if v(x)\mathbf{v}(x) is parallel to eθ(x)=(x2/x,x1/x)\mathbf{e}_\theta(x)=\left(-x_2/|x|,x_1/|x|\right) for every xD\{0}x\in D\backslash\{0\}. Let vC2(D)\mathbf{v}\in C^2(\overline{D}) solve the stationary two-dimensional Euler equations in DD, with vn=0\mathbf{v}\cdot n=0 on D\partial D.

Hamel–Nadirashvili's weaker conjecture. If zDz\in D is the only stagnation point of v\mathbf{v} in D\overline{D}, meaning that v(z)=0|\mathbf{v}(z)|=0 and v>0|\mathbf{v}|>0 in D\{z}\overline{D}\backslash\{z\}, then zz is the origin and v\mathbf{v} is a circular flow.

This weaker version is presented as more promising than the punctured-disk conjecture, while still asserting that a steady flow with exactly one interior stagnation point must be centered and circular.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Yuchen Wang and Weicheng Zhan, “A Liouville theorem for the Euler equations in a disk”, arXiv:2306.00302 (2023).

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