Grothendieck's p-curvature conjecture for algebraic connections

Let XX be a smooth quasi-projective variety over C\mathbb C, and let (E,)(E,\nabla) be an integrable algebraic connection. Choose a finite-type scheme SS over Z\mathbb Z over which the connection descends to (XS,(ES,S))(X_S,(E_S,\nabla_S)) with good reduction at closed points sSs\in S. Grothendieck's p-curvature conjecture. The connection (E,)(E,\nabla) has a full set of algebraic solutions if and only if there is a dense open SSS^\circ\subset S such that, for every sSs\in S^\circ, the reduction (Es,s)(E_s,\nabla_s) on XsX_s has a full set of solutions, equivalently its pp-curvature vanishes. This is the general formulation attributed to Grothendieck; the source does not state a resolution.

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Primary source

Hélène Esnault, “Lectures on Local Systems in Algebraic-Arithmetic Geometry”, arXiv:2303.05773 (2023).

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