Uniqueness of binary phylogenetic trees from their AkA_k alignments

From papers

Let kN3k\in\mathbb{N}_{\geq 3}, let XX be a taxon set, and let TT and T~\widetilde{T} be binary phylogenetic trees on XX. For a binary phylogenetic tree TT, let Ak(T)A_k(T) denote the set of binary characters requiring precisely kk nucleotide substitutions on TT. Uniqueness conjecture. If X2k+3|X|\geq 2k+3 and T≇T~T\not\cong\widetilde{T}, then

Ak(T)Ak(T~).A_k(T)\neq A_k(\widetilde{T}).

The claim would close the gap between the known counterexamples through 2k+22k+2 leaves and the paper's positive result for at least 4k4k leaves. It remains open in the source.

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Primary source

Mirko Wilde and Mareike Fischer, “Defining binary phylogenetic trees using parsimony: new bounds”, arXiv:2303.03238 (2023).

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