Entropy thermalization in quantum chaotic systems with energy conservation

Let a quantum system evolve under a time-independent Hamiltonian, and let AA be a subsystem. Entropy thermalization means that, after long-time evolution, the entropy of AA agrees to leading order in the size of AA with the thermodynamic entropy of AA at the same energy. A local conserved quantity is a quantity whose conservation law applies within the subsystem structure, and suppose that energy is the only such quantity. Entropy-thermalization conjecture. Entropy thermalizes in quantum chaotic systems where energy is the only local conserved quantity. This proposes a fundamental quantum-mechanical explanation of thermalization, beyond the ergodic hypothesis or equal a priori probabilities. The statement is presented as widely believed in the source, but no resolution is given here.

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Primary source

Yichen Huang and Aram W. Harrow, “Quantum entropy thermalization”, arXiv:2302.10165 (2025).

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