Conjecture that every nontrivial tree is harmonious
Conjecture that every nontrivial tree is harmonious
A graph is harmonious when it admits a harmonious labeling, namely an injective vertex labeling whose induced edge labels are also injective modulo ; for trees, the definition allows at most one repeated vertex label. A tree is nontrivial if it has at least one edge. Harmonious-tree conjecture. Every nontrivial tree is harmonious. Many classes of trees are known to be harmonious, and super edge-magic trees are known to be harmonious, but the assertion for all trees remains open.
Sources & referencesView supporting material
Primary source
Rikio Ichishima, S. C. López, Francesc A. Muntaner-Batle and Yukio Takahashi, “Recent studies on the super edge-magic deficiency of graphs”, arXiv:2211.04029 (2022).
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