The simple-factor decomposition conjecture for Jacobians of Fermat-type curves

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Let mm be a positive odd integer, and let JmJ_m denote the Jacobian associated with the curve Cm ⁣:y2=xm−1C_m\colon y^2=x^m-1. Write ϕ(d)\phi(d) for Euler's totient function. The simple-factor decomposition conjecture. The decomposition of JmJ_m into simple factors contains exactly one simple factor of dimension ϕ(d)/2\phi(d)/2 for each divisor dd of mm. Moreover, if pp is a prime divisor of mm, the factor of dimension ϕ(p)/2\phi(p)/2 is the Jacobian of Cp ⁣:y2=xp−1C_p\colon y^2=x^p-1. The conjecture is motivated by computed Frobenius polynomials, and the source gives no general proof or resolution.

References

Primary source

Heidi Goodson, “An Exploration of Degeneracy in Abelian Varieties of Fermat Type”, arXiv:2211.03909 (2024).

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