Marques–Lengyel valuation conjecture for the Tribonacci sequence

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Let pp) be a prime number, and let T(n)T(n) be the Tribonacci sequence defined by T(0)=0T(0)=0, T(1)=T(2)=1T(1)=T(2)=1, and T(n+3)=T(n+2)+T(n+1)+T(n)T(n+3)=T(n+2)+T(n+1)+T(n). Write up(m) u_p(m) for the exponent of pp in a nonzero integer mm, with up(0)=∞ u_p(0)=\infty. Marques–Lengyel's conjecture. There \exists a positive integer QQ such that, for every i∈{0,1,…,Q−1}i\in\{0,1,\ldots,Q-1\}, one of the following holds: (C) there \exists κi∈Z≥0\kappa_i\in\mathbb Z_{\ge 0} such that, for all but finitely many integers n≡i(modQ)n\equiv i\pmod Q, νp(T(n))=κi\nu_p(T(n))=\kappa_i; or (L) there exist ai∈Za_i\in\mathbb Z, κi∈Z\kappa_i\in\mathbb Z, and μi∈Z>0\mu_i\in\mathbb Z_{>0} satisfying νp(ai−i)≥νp(Q)\nu_p(a_i-i)\ge\nu_p(Q) such that, for all but finitely many integers n≡i(modQ)n\equiv i\pmod Q, νp(T(n))=κi+μiνp(n−ai)\nu_p(T(n))=\kappa_i+\mu_i\nu_p(n-a_i). This conjecture predicts a finite residue-class description of the pp-adic valuations of Tribonacci numbers; the paper later gives infinitely many primes for which it fails, so its status is refuted.

References

Primary source

Yuri Bilu, Florian Luca, Joris Nieuwveld, Jöel Ouaknine and James Worrell, “On the p-adic zeros of the Tribonacci sequence”, arXiv:2210.16959 (2022).

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