Classification conjecture for finite-mass entire Keller–Segel solutions

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Let (u,v)(u,v) be an entire solution of the Keller–Segel system on R2×R\mathbb{R}^2\times\mathbb{R}, meaning that uu and ∇v\nabla v are smooth and satisfy the system, with the second equation understood through the representation formula. Assume the finite mass condition

sup⁡t∈R∫R2u(x,t) dx<+∞.\sup_{t\in\mathbb{R}}\int_{\mathbb{R}^2}u(x,t)\,dx<+\infty.

The solution is the finite-mass entire-solution classification conjecture. Any nontrivial entire solution satisfying the finite mass condition has the form

{u(x,t)≡8λ2(λ2+∣x−ξ∣2)2,v(x,t)≡−2log⁡(λ2+∣x−ξ∣2)+C,\left\{\begin{aligned} &u(x,t)\equiv \frac{8\lambda^2}{(\lambda^2+|x-\xi|^2)^2},\\ &v(x,t)\equiv -2\log\left(\lambda^2+|x-\xi|^2\right)+C, \end{aligned}\right.

for some λ>0\lambda>0, ξ∈R2\xi\in\mathbb{R}^2, and C∈RC\in\mathbb{R}. This conjecture would classify all nontrivial finite-mass entire solutions as stationary Liouville profiles; the preceding blow-down theorem motivates it, but the time-independence and complete classification of the original entire solution remain to be established.

References

Primary source

Hua Chen, Jian-Meng Li and Kelei Wang, “Blow up analysis for Keller-Segel system”, arXiv:2210.12299 (2025).

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