Five-letter complete bifurcate-tree conjecture

A square-free word is bifurcate over an alphabet A\mathcal{A} if it has at least one square-free extension at every position. A complete bifurcate tree is an infinite rooted tree of bifurcate words in which every word of length nn has n+1n+1 descendants, corresponding to extensions at the different positions, and every descendant remains bifurcate.

Five-letter complete bifurcate-tree conjecture. There exists a complete bifurcate tree over an alphabet of size 55.

The paper proves that a complete bifurcate tree exists over alphabets of size at least 1212 and states that the five-letter bound is tight in the sense that a smaller alphabet cannot suffice. The supplied text does not report a resolution of the five-letter existence claim.

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Primary source

Michał Dębski, Jarosław Grytczuk and Bartłomiej Pawlik, “Extensions and reductions of square-free words”, arXiv:2209.08507 (2022).

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