The recipe conjecture for averages of quadratic twists of Dirichlet polynomials

Let calDcal D be a family of fundamental discriminants in a fixed arithmetic progression, let calMA(D;)cal M_A(D;\ell) denote the corresponding smoothed average of LA(1/2,χd)χd()\mathcal L_A(1/2,\chi_d)\chi_d(\ell), and let XdX_d and B(d)\mathcal B^{(d)} be defined by the functional equation and Dirichlet series in the setup. For a set AA of complex numbers with positive real parts 1/logD\ll 1/\log D and imaginary parts D\ll D, write AU+U={aA:aU}{u:uU}A-U+U^- = \{a\in A:a\notin U\}\cup\{-u:u\in U\}. The recipe conjecture. There is a δ>0\delta>0, depending on the number of elements of AA, such that

MA(D;)=dD(d,)=1Ψ(dD)UAuUXd(1/2+u)B(d)(AU+U;)+O(1/2D1δ).\mathcal M_A(D;\ell)= \sum_{d\in \mathcal D\atop (d,\ell)=1} \Psi\left(\frac dD\right) \sum_{U\subset A} \prod_{u\in U} X_d(1/2 +u) \mathcal B^{(d)}(A-U+U^-;\ell)+O(\ell^{1/2}D^{1-\delta}).

This is the CFKRS recipe for the family of quadratic characters in a fixed arithmetic progression. It predicts the main terms obtained by applying the functional equations independently to subsets of the shifts, with the coprimality condition built into B(d)\mathcal B^{(d)}; the paper treats it as conjectural.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Brian Conrey and Brad Rodgers, “Averages of quadratic twists of long Dirichlet polynomials”, arXiv:2208.01783 (2025).

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