Catalan-convolution conjecture for pairs of Fishburn pattern classes

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Let Fn(σ1,…,σk)F_n(\sigma_1,\ldots,\sigma_k) denote the set of Fishburn permutations of length nn avoiding each listed pattern. Let

Cn=1n+1(2nn)C_n=\frac{1}{n+1}\binom{2n}{n}

be the nnth Catalan number.

Catalan-convolution conjecture. For every n≥1n\geq 1,

∣Fn(2413,2431)∣=∣Fn(2431,3241)∣=∑k=1n(n−1k−1)Cn−k.|F_n(2413,2431)|=|F_n(2431,3241)|=\sum_{k=1}^n\binom{n-1}{k-1}C_{n-k}.

The source reports verification for n≤14n\leq 14 and relates the sequence to known Catalan-binomial-transform interpretations, but does not prove the conjecture.

References

Primary source

Eric S. Egge, “Pattern-Avoiding Fishburn Permutations and Ascent Sequences”, arXiv:2208.01484 (2022).

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