Intersection Heuristics for anti-cyclotomic extensions

Let pp be an odd prime. Let KK be an imaginary quadratic field, let Kac/KK_{\mathrm{ac}}/K be its anti-cyclotomic Zp\mathbb{Z}_p-extension, and let KnK_n denote its subfield of degree pnp^n over KK. Let L(K)L(K) be the pp-Hilbert class field of KK, namely the maximal unramified abelian pp-extension of KK. Fix a finite abelian pp-group GG, and restrict KK to imaginary quadratic fields whose pp-part of the ideal class group is isomorphic to GG.

Intersection Heuristics. The probability that

L(K)Kac=KnL(K)\cap K_{\mathrm{ac}}=K_n

is

#(elements of G of order exactly pn)#G.\frac{\#(\text{elements of $G$ of order exactly }p^n)}{\#G}.

Equivalently, this probability is

#(homomorphisms GQ/Z with image of size pn)#G.\frac{\#(\text{homomorphisms }G\longrightarrow {\mathbb{Q}}/{\mathbb{Z}}\text{ with image of size }p^n)}{\#G}.

The heuristic models the pp-class group as randomly mapping to Gal(Kn/K)\operatorname{Gal}(K_n/K); it is based on computational evidence and is not proved in the source.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Debanjana Kundu and Lawrence C. Washington, “Heuristics for anti-cyclotomic Z_p-extensions”, arXiv:2207.13199 (2023).

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