Fici–Saari conjecture on the minimum number of binary abelian square factors

Let f2(n)f_2(n) be the least number of distinct abelian square factors in a binary word of length nn. An abelian square is a factor whose two halves are abelian equivalent, that is, have the same Parikh vector.

Fici–Saari conjecture. Every binary word of length nn contains at least \floorn/4\floor{n/4} distinct abelian square factors; equivalently,

f2(n)=\floorn/4.f_2(n)=\floor{n/4}.

The conjecture is presented as being supported by computer experiments. Earlier results show that f2(n)f_2(n) is unbounded, but the asserted exact minimum remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Gabriele Fici and Svetlana Puzynina, “Abelian Combinatorics on Words: a Survey”, arXiv:2207.09937 (2022).

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