Equal-density conjecture for p2mg, cm, and p4 packings

Let nn-gons be regular polygons, and write the density of the densest packing with plane group symmetry GG as the corresponding densest GG-packing density. An nn-gon has a kk-fold rotational symmetry if rotation by an angle of 2π/k2\pi/k preserves it, and kNk\in\mathbb{N} means that kk is a positive integer. p2mg–cm–p4 equal-density conjecture. The densities of the densest p2mgp2mg and cmcm packings are equal for all nn-gons except nn-gons with (12k1)(12k-1)-fold and (12k+1)(12k+1)-fold rotational symmetry, where kNk\in\mathbb{N}; and the densities of the densest p2mgp2mg, cmcm, and p4p4 packings are equal for all nn-gons containing a twelve-fold rotational symmetry. These experimentally motivated equalities remain unresolved in the source.

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Primary source

Miloslav Torda, John Y. Goulermas, Vitaliy Kurlin and Graeme M. Day, “Densest plane group packings of regular polygons”, arXiv:2207.08959 (2022).

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