A hyperbolic Michael–Simon inequality for higher mean curvatures

Let MM be a compact hypersurface in hyperbolic space Hn+1\mathbb{H}^{n+1}, possibly with boundary M\partial M, and let ff be a positive smooth function on MM. For 1kn1\le k\le n, let Ek=Ek(κ)E_k=E_k(\kappa) denote the normalized kk-th mean curvature and let Ek1E_{k-1} be defined similarly; write λ\lambda' for the radial derivative factor, Mf\nabla^M f for the intrinsic gradient, ν\nu for the unit outward normal, uu for the support function, and ˉ\bar{\nabla} for the Levi-Civita connection of the hyperbolic metric. Then there is a constant CC such that

Higher-mean-curvature hyperbolic Michael–Simon conjecture. For 1kn1\le k\le n, the inequality

Mλf2Ek2+Mf2Ek12Mˉ(fλ),νEk1+MfEk1C(Mfnk+1nkEk1)nknk+1\int_M\lambda'\sqrt{f^2E_k^2+|\nabla^M f|^2E_{k-1}^2}-\int_M\left\langle\bar\nabla(f\lambda'),\nu\right\rangle|E_{k-1}|+\int_{\partial M}f|E_{k-1}| \ge C\left(\int_M f^{\frac{n-k+1}{n-k}}|E_{k-1}|\right)^{\frac{n-k}{n-k+1}}

should hold. In particular, when MM is closed and ff is constant,

M(λEkuEk1)C(MEk1)nk+1nk.\int_M(\lambda'|E_k|-u|E_{k-1}|)\ge C\left(\int_M|E_{k-1}|\right)^{\frac{n-k+1}{n-k}}.

This is proposed as the higher-mean-curvature analogue of the preceding hyperbolic Michael–Simon inequality. The source does not provide a proof or a resolution, and the constant CC is not further specified.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Jingshi Cui and Peibiao Zhao, “Locally constrained flows and sharp Michael-Simon inequalities in hyperbolic space”, arXiv:2205.12582 (2025).

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