The single-row root-at-minus-one conjecture for permutation pattern character polynomials

Let σSk\sigma\in S_k, and let aσλ(n)a_\sigma^\lambda(n) denote the polynomial associated with the stable irreducible-character coefficient for the pattern σ\sigma. A partition λ\lambda has a single row when it is of the form (r)(r).

Single-row root-at-minus-one conjecture. When λ\lambda has a single row, the polynomials aσλ(n)a_\sigma^\lambda(n) have n=1n=-1 as a root.

The conjecture is supported by proofs for the cases aidk(1)a_{\textnormal{id}_k}^{(1)} and aidk(2)a_{\textnormal{id}_k}^{(2)}, and by numerical verification for all patterns of size at most four. The source notes that related cases do not all satisfy the same property, so the precise single-row scope is essential.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Christian Gaetz and Laura Pierson, “Positivity of permutation pattern character polynomials”, arXiv:2204.10633 (2024).

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