Shapiro–Tater scaling conjecture for discriminant roots and Painlevé II poles

Let Cn(t,λ)C_n(t,\lambda) be the secular polynomial of the quartic anharmonic oscillator, and let

Dn(t)=Discλ(Cn)(t)D_n(t)=\operatorname{Disc}_{\lambda}(C_n)(t)

be its discriminant with respect to λ\lambda. Let Yn(t)Y_n(t) denote the Vorob'ev–Yablonsky polynomials, whose zeros are the poles of the rational solutions of Painlevé II. Shapiro–Tater's scaling conjecture. The roots of the rescaled discriminant

Dn(s)=Discλ(Cn)(n2/3s)D_n(s)=\operatorname{Disc}_{\lambda}(C_n)(n^{2/3}s)

and the roots of the rescaled Vorob'ev–Yablonsky polynomial Yn(n2/3s)Y_n(n^{2/3}s) form two coinciding lattices as nn\to\infty. This conjecture concerns the asymptotic similarity between oscillator eigenvalue degeneracies and the pole patterns of rational Painlevé II solutions; the supplied text presents it as a numerical observation and gives no resolution.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Marco Bertola, Eduardo Chavez-Heredia and Tamara Grava, “Exactly solvable anharmonic oscillator, degenerate orthogonal polynomials and Painleve' II”, arXiv:2203.16889 (2023).

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