Existence of exotic diffeomorphisms relative to any closed oriented 3-manifold boundary

Let YY be a closed, connected, oriented 33-manifold. A compact, oriented smooth 44-manifold WW with boundary W=Y\partial W=Y has mapping class groups of diffeomorphisms and homeomorphisms, including the versions fixing the boundary pointwise, and an exotic diffeomorphism is a nontrivial element in the kernel of the corresponding map on π0\pi_0. Exotic diffeomorphism conjecture. There exists such a WW for which

π0(Diff(W,))π0(Homeo(W,))\pi_0(\operatorname{Diff}(W,\partial))\to\pi_0(\operatorname{Homeo}(W,\partial))

is not injective. More strongly,

π0(Diff(W))π0(Homeo(W))\pi_0(\operatorname{Diff}(W))\to\pi_0(\operatorname{Homeo}(W))

is not injective. This proposes that every closed, connected, oriented 33-manifold occurs as the boundary of a compact smooth 44-manifold admitting an exotic diffeomorphism, and the stronger assertion also detects one without requiring boundary fixing.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Nobuo Iida, Hokuto Konno, Anubhav Mukherjee and Masaki Taniguchi, “Diffeomorphisms of 4-manifolds with boundary and exotic embeddings”, arXiv:2203.14878 (2024).

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