Tensor-product Fourier dual-certificate conjecture for Hadamard matrices

From papers

Let U(d)U(d) be the unitary group, let ν\nu be normalized Haar measure on U(d)U(d), let ee be its identity, and let μ[H]\mu_{[\bm H]} be the smoothed measure associated with the equivalence class of a Hadamard matrix HU(d)\bm H\in U(d). Dual-certificate conjecture. For every dd, there exists a Hadamard matrix HU(d)\bm H\in U(d) such that

δe+dμ[H](d+1)ν,\delta_e+d\mu_{[\bm H]}\succeq(d+1)\nu,

or equivalently, μ[H]^(π)1dI\widehat{\mu_{[\bm H]}}(\pi)\succeq-\frac1d\bm I for every irreducible representation π\pi of U(d)U(d). If d=p1k1pmkmd=p_1^{k_1}\cdots p_m^{k_m} is the prime factorization of dd, one can take

H=k=1mFpkkk.\bm H=\bigotimes_{k=1}^m\bm F_{p_k}^{\otimes k_k}.

Such a certificate would imply the conjectured dimension-independent lower bound B(d)=d+1B(d)=d+1. The construction is motivated by observed tensor-product patterns in known mutually unbiased bases, but its validity remains to be verified.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Afonso S. Bandeira, Nikolaus Doppelbauer and Dmitriy Kunisky, “Dual bounds for the positive definite functions approach to mutually unbiased bases”, arXiv:2202.13259 (2022).

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