Smooth-number approximation conjecture for Dirichlet polynomials

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Let P(n)P(n) denote the largest prime factor of nn, and let Ψ(x,y)\Psi(x,y) denote the number of integers smaller than xx with P(n)≤yP(n)\leq y. For a constant A>0A>0, set

y=(log⁡T+log⁡2x)(log⁡log⁡T)A.y=(\log T+\log^2 x)(\log\log T)^A.

Smooth-number approximation conjecture. There exists a constant A>0A>0 such that, for any 1≤x≤T1\le x\le T and 2T≤t≤5T2T\le t\le 5T, uniformly as T→∞T\to\infty,

∑n≤x1nit=∑n≤x(n)≤y1nit+o(Ψ(x,y)).\sum_{n\le x}\frac{1}{n^{it}}=\sum_{\substack{n\le x\P(n)\le y}}\frac{1}{n^{it}}+o\left(\Psi(x,y)\right).

This conjecture asserts that the Dirichlet polynomial is asymptotically determined by its yy-smooth terms in the stated range. It is described as similar to a conjecture of Granville and Soundararajan on character sums and would imply the stated asymptotic for the maximum of ∣ζ(ℓ)(1+it)∣\left|\zeta^{(\ell)}(1+it)\right|.

References

Primary source

Daodao Yang, “A note on log-type GCD sums and derivatives of the Riemann zeta function”, arXiv:2201.12968 (2023).

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