Large-\N master-field convergence conjecture for Yang\Mills theory on surfaces

Let GNG_N be a classical compact matrix Lie group of size NN, and let Σ\Sigma be a compact surface, the Euclidean plane R2\mathbb{R}^2, or the Poincar\e9 disc Dh\mathbb{D}_{\mathfrak{h}}. For a loop \ell of Σ\Sigma, let WW_\ell be its normalized Wilson loop under the Yang\Mills measure YMΣ\mathrm{YM}_\Sigma. Master-field convergence conjecture. There is a constant ΦΣ()\Phi_\Sigma(\ell) such that

WΦΣ()in probability as N.W_\ell\to\Phi_\Sigma(\ell) \quad\text{in probability as }N\to\infty.

The functional ΦΣ\Phi_\Sigma is called the master field on Σ\Sigma. This conjecture is proved for the sphere in some cases and, in the paper, for the torus; convergence for general compact surfaces and all loops remains open.

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Primary source

Antoine Dahlqvist and Thibaut Lemoine, “Large N limit of the Yang-Mills measure on compact surfaces II: Makeenko-Migdal equations and planar master field”, arXiv:2201.05886 (2023).

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