Hall's conjecture on Yang–Mills convergence for powers of simple loops

Let (M,a)(M,a) be a closed, area-weighted topological map, embedded in a closed, connected, orientable surface, and let GN=U(N)G_N=\mathrm{U}(N). A loop is included in a disc if its drawing is contained in an open, contractible set of the surface. For a simple loop ss included in a disc and an integer n0n\geq 0, write =sn\ell=s^n, and let WW_\ell be the corresponding Wilson loop under YMM,a,GN\mathrm{YM}_{M,a,G_N}. Hall's conjecture. Whenever =sn\ell=s^n with n0n\geq 0 and ss is a simple loop included in a disc, WW_\ell converges in probability towards a constant as NN\to\infty under YMM,a,GN\mathrm{YM}_{M,a,G_N}. The conjecture removes the hypothesis used in the preceding theorem that convergence be assumed for these loops: it asserts that the required convergence holds for every power of every simple loop included in a disc. The source does not report a resolution, so the conjecture is treated as open.

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Primary source

Antoine Dahlqvist and Thibaut Lemoine, “Large N limit of Yang-Mills partition function and Wilson loops on compact surfaces”, arXiv:2201.05882 (2025).

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