The rank-jump density conjecture for elliptic curves over rational function fields

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Let E\mathcal{E} be an elliptic curve over the function field \Q(T)\Q(T) with nonconstant jj-invariant. For t∈\Qt\in\Q, let Et\mathcal{E}_t denote its specialization when it is an elliptic curve, and let rank⁡E(\Q(T))\operatorname{rank}\mathcal{E}(\Q(T)) and rank⁡Et(\Q)\operatorname{rank}\mathcal{E}_t(\Q) denote the corresponding Mordell–Weil ranks. The rank-jump density conjecture. The set

{t∈\Q:rank⁡Et(\Q)≥2+rank⁡E(\Q(T))}\left\{t\in\Q:\operatorname{rank}\mathcal{E}_t(\Q)\geq 2+\operatorname{rank}\mathcal{E}(\Q(T))\right\}

has density zero. This predicts that specializations with a rank increase of at least two are rare. The source provides no resolution, so the conjecture remains open.

References

Primary source

Jonathan Love, “Root numbers of a family of elliptic curves and two applications”, arXiv:2201.04708 (2023).

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