The maximally efficient surface braid conjecture

Let G\mathbf{G} be the countably infinite set of regular maps on the torus, where each GG\mathcal{G}\in\mathbf{G} is an embedded graph in the torus that is arc-transitive. For each GG\mathcal{G}\in\mathbf{G}, let BG\mathbf{B}_{\mathcal{G}} be the set of braid words formed from any number of braid generators defined on G\mathcal{G}, and let h(β)\overline{h}(\beta) denote the topological entropy per operation of βBG\beta\in\mathbf{B}_{\mathcal{G}}. Maximally efficient surface braid conjecture.

maxβBG,GGh(β)=log(ϕ+ϕ),\max_{\beta\in\mathbf{B}_{\mathcal{G}},\,\mathcal{G}\in\mathbf{G}}\overline{h}(\beta)=\log(\phi+\sqrt{\phi}),

where

ϕ=1+52.\phi=\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}.

Furthermore, when extended to the plane using the periodicity of the pertinent torus model, all braid words β\beta for which h(β)=log(ϕ+ϕ)\overline{h}(\beta)=\log(\phi+\sqrt{\phi}) represent the same braid up to conjugacy and time-reversal symmetry. This conjecture asserts both the maximal topological entropy per operation among braid words on regular torus maps and uniqueness, up to the stated symmetries, of the maximizers.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Spencer A. Smith and Sierra Dunn, “Topological Entropy of Surface Braids and Maximally Efficient Mixing”, arXiv:2112.07619 (2021).

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