The maximally efficient surface braid conjecture

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Let G\mathbf{G} be the countably infinite set of regular maps on the torus, where each G∈G\mathcal{G}\in\mathbf{G} is an embedded graph in the torus that is arc-transitive. For each G∈G\mathcal{G}\in\mathbf{G}, let BG\mathbf{B}_{\mathcal{G}} be the set of braid words formed from any number of braid generators defined on G\mathcal{G}, and let h‾(β)\overline{h}(\beta) denote the topological entropy per operation of β∈BG\beta\in\mathbf{B}_{\mathcal{G}}. Maximally efficient surface braid conjecture.

max⁡β∈BG, G∈Gh‾(β)=log⁡(ϕ+ϕ),\max_{\beta\in\mathbf{B}_{\mathcal{G}},\,\mathcal{G}\in\mathbf{G}}\overline{h}(\beta)=\log(\phi+\sqrt{\phi}),

where

ϕ=1+52.\phi=\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}.

Furthermore, when extended to the plane using the periodicity of the pertinent torus model, all braid words β\beta for which h‾(β)=log⁡(ϕ+ϕ)\overline{h}(\beta)=\log(\phi+\sqrt{\phi}) represent the same braid up to conjugacy and time-reversal symmetry. This conjecture asserts both the maximal topological entropy per operation among braid words on regular torus maps and uniqueness, up to the stated symmetries, of the maximizers.

References

Primary source

Spencer A. Smith and Sierra Dunn, “Topological Entropy of Surface Braids and Maximally Efficient Mixing”, arXiv:2112.07619 (2021).

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