Decay conjecture for the wave equation in hyperbolic FLRW universes

From papers

Let ϕ\phi be a solution of the wave equation in a hyperbolic FLRW universe, with scale factor satisfying the Friedmann equations with zero cosmological constant and equation of state parameter ww. Assume that the initial data ϕ0(x)ϕ(t0,x)\phi_0(x)\coloneqq\phi(t_0,x) and ϕ1(x)tϕ(t0,x)\phi_1(x)\coloneqq\partial_t\phi(t_0,x) are sufficiently regular and belong to appropriate Sobolev spaces.

Decay conjecture in the hyperbolic case.

ϕ(t,)L(H3){(1+t)2,w13,(1+t)3(w+1)2,0w13.\|\phi(t,\cdot)\|_{L^{\infty}(\mathbb{H}^3)}\lesssim\begin{cases}(1+t)^{-2},&w\geq\frac13,\\(1+t)^{-\frac{3(w+1)}{2}},&0\leq w\leq\frac13.\end{cases}

Moreover, the decay is slower than (1+t)3(w+1)2(1+t)^{-\frac{3(w+1)}{2}} for 13<w<0-\frac13<w<0, and there is no decay for 1w<13-1\leq w< -\frac13.

This conjecture describes the expected decay transition for waves on negatively curved FLRW backgrounds. The supplied text motivates it from earlier decay estimates and numerical results, but does not provide a resolution or proof of this hyperbolic case.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Jose Natario and Flavio Rossetti, “Explicit formulas and decay rates for the solution of the wave equation in cosmological spacetimes”, arXiv:2112.00771 (2022).

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