Square-spiral conjecture for the least positive harmonic measure

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Let o=(0,0)o=(0,0) and let Hn\mathscr{H}_n be the collection of nn-element subsets AA of Z2\mathbb{Z}^2 such that HA(o)>0\mathrm{H}_A(o)>0. Here HA(o)\mathrm{H}_A(o) denotes the harmonic measure of AA at oo.

Square-spiral conjecture. Asymptotically, the square spiral realizes the least positive value of harmonic measure, in the sense that

lim⁡n→∞−1nlog⁡inf⁡A∈HnHA(o)=2log⁡(2+3).\lim_{n\to\infty}-\frac{1}{n}\log\inf_{A\in\mathscr{H}_n}\mathrm{H}_A(o)=2\log(2+\sqrt{3}).

The preceding theorem gives a general lower bound of order e−cnlog⁡ne^{-cn\log n} and an improved bound of order e−cne^{-cn} for connected sets. The conjecture predicts the precise exponential decay rate, motivated by the square-spiral example and the associated tunnel heuristic; the source does not establish the claimed limit.

References

Primary source

Jacob Calvert, Shirshendu Ganguly and Alan Hammond, “Collapse and Diffusion in Harmonic Activation and Transport”, arXiv:2110.13895 (2021).

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