Uniqueness conjecture for minimal embeddings of the three-dimensional torus in the four-sphere

Let T3=S1×S1×S1T^3=S^1\times S^1\times S^1 be the three-dimensional torus, embedded minimally in the round four-dimensional sphere S4\mathbb{S}^4. Two embeddings are considered equivalent if they differ by an ambient isometry. Uniqueness conjecture for the Clifford torus. There exists, up to ambient isometry, a unique minimal embedding of T3T^3 in S4\mathbb{S}^4. Numerical simulations suggest uniqueness of the corresponding closed periodic orbit and motivate this stronger claim in the case n=2n=2. These questions are described as challenging open problems.

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Primary source

Alessandro Carlotto and Mario B. Schulz, “Minimal hypertori in the four-dimensional sphere”, arXiv:2109.11768 (2023).

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