Sarnak's unbounded-component conjecture for monochromatic random waves

Let d3d\geq 3, and let ff be the monochromatic random wave in Rd\mathbb{R}^d, meaning the centered stationary smooth Gaussian field whose covariance is the Fourier transform of the uniform measure on the (d1)(d-1)-dimensional sphere. For a level R\ell\in\mathbb{R}, consider the level set {f=}\{f=\ell\} and its intersection with the embedded copy of R3\mathbb{R}^3.

Sarnak's conjecture. There exists δ>0\delta>0 such that, for every [δ,δ]\ell\in[-\delta,\delta], almost surely {f=}R3\{f=\ell\}\cap\mathbb{R}^3 contains an unbounded component.

The conjecture extends the paper's unbounded-component results beyond positively correlated fields: the monochromatic random wave has oscillatory covariance with polynomial decay. It was stated in the cited work of Sarnak and remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Hugo Duminil-Copin, Alejandro Rivera, Pierre-François Rodriguez and Hugo Vanneuville, “Existence of an unbounded nodal hypersurface for smooth Gaussian fields in dimension d 3”, arXiv:2108.08008 (2023).

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