Pure-derivative conjecture for derivations of polynomial subalgebras

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Let A⊆K[x]A\subseteq\mathbb{K}[x] be a subalgebra with spectrum containing α\alpha, let C={α1,…,αs}C=\{\alpha_1,\ldots,\alpha_s\} be its spectrum, and let αj∼α\alpha_j\sim\alpha mean that αj\alpha_j belongs to the cluster containing α\alpha. An α\alpha-derivation is a derivation evaluated at α\alpha in the sense used for AA. Pure-derivative conjecture. If α\alpha belongs to the spectrum, then every α\alpha-derivation DD can be written as

D(f)=∑i=1N∑αj∼αcijf(i)(αj),D(f)=\sum_{i=1}^N\sum_{\alpha_j\sim\alpha}c_{ij}f^{(i)}(\alpha_j),

so only pure derivatives, of possibly different orders, at elements of the cluster containing α\alpha are needed. Equivalently, every finite-codimension subalgebra can be described using derivations of this form together with conditions f(αi)=f(αj)f(\alpha_i)=f(\alpha_j). The preceding results establish the analogous description using general linear combinations of derivative evaluations; the conjecture asserts that the mixed terms can always be replaced by pure derivatives.

References

Primary source

Rode Grönkvist, Erik Leffler, Anna Torstensson and Victor Ufnarovski, “Describing subalgebras of K[x] using derivatives”, arXiv:2107.11916 (2021).

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