The similarity characterization for products of two involutions

Let VV be an infinite-dimensional vector space, and let uGL(V)u\in\operatorname{GL}(V). An involution is an invertible endomorphism whose square is the identity, and two endomorphisms are similar if they are conjugate by a vector-space isomorphism.

Involution-product conjecture. The endomorphism uu is the product of two involutions in GL(V)\operatorname{GL}(V) if and only if uu is similar to its inverse.

This conjecture extends the finite-dimensional theorem characterizing products of two involutions by similarity to the inverse. The infinite-dimensional setting has no invariant-factor criterion, so the validity of this equivalence remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Clément de Seguins Pazzis, “Sums and products of two quadratic endomorphisms of a countable-dimensional vector space”, arXiv:2107.04273 (2021).

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