Five-prime Linnik representation conjecture for Diophantine inequalities

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Let ε>0\varepsilon>0 be a small constant. There exists c0>1c_0>1 such that for any fixed 1<c<c01<c<c_0 and every sufficiently large positive number NN, one seeks primes p1,p2,p3,p4,p5p_1,p_2,p_3,p_4,p_5 and integers xi,yix_i,y_i satisfying

∣p1c+p2c+p3c+p4c+p5c−N∣<ε\left|p_1^c+p_2^c+p_3^c+p_4^c+p_5^c-N\right|<\varepsilon

with

pi=xi2+yi2+1(1≤i≤5).p_i=x_i^2+y_i^2+1\qquad (1\leq i\leq 5).

Five-prime Linnik representation conjecture. For every fixed 1<c<c01<c<c_0 and every sufficiently large positive number NN, the displayed Diophantine inequality has a solution in prime numbers p1,p2,p3,p4,p5p_1,p_2,p_3,p_4,p_5, with each prime of the form pi=xi2+yi2+1p_i=x_i^2+y_i^2+1.

This is posed as a future task after the paper proves a weaker result in which only p1p_1 is required to have the form x2+y2+1x^2+y^2+1, with an explicit bound on cc and a shrinking error term. The simultaneous requirement that all five primes be Linnik primes is therefore left open in the source.

References

Primary source

S. I. Dimitrov, “A quinary diophantine inequality by primes with one of the form p=x^2+y^2+1”, arXiv:2107.04028 (2023).

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