Five-prime Linnik representation conjecture for Diophantine inequalities

Let ε>0\varepsilon>0 be a small constant. There exists c0>1c_0>1 such that for any fixed 1<c<c01<c<c_0 and every sufficiently large positive number NN, one seeks primes p1,p2,p3,p4,p5p_1,p_2,p_3,p_4,p_5 and integers xi,yix_i,y_i satisfying

p1c+p2c+p3c+p4c+p5cN<ε\left|p_1^c+p_2^c+p_3^c+p_4^c+p_5^c-N\right|<\varepsilon

with

pi=xi2+yi2+1(1i5).p_i=x_i^2+y_i^2+1\qquad (1\leq i\leq 5).

Five-prime Linnik representation conjecture. For every fixed 1<c<c01<c<c_0 and every sufficiently large positive number NN, the displayed Diophantine inequality has a solution in prime numbers p1,p2,p3,p4,p5p_1,p_2,p_3,p_4,p_5, with each prime of the form pi=xi2+yi2+1p_i=x_i^2+y_i^2+1.

This is posed as a future task after the paper proves a weaker result in which only p1p_1 is required to have the form x2+y2+1x^2+y^2+1, with an explicit bound on cc and a shrinking error term. The simultaneous requirement that all five primes be Linnik primes is therefore left open in the source.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

S. I. Dimitrov, “A quinary diophantine inequality by primes with one of the form p=x^2+y^2+1”, arXiv:2107.04028 (2023).

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