Bourgain's discrete restriction conjecture for lattice points on spheres

Let d3d\geq 3 be a natural number, let mm be a natural number, let (an)nSd,m(\mathfrak{a}_{\bm{n}})_{\bm{n}\in S_{d,m}} be complex numbers, let ϵ>0\epsilon>0, and let p2dd2p\geq \frac{2d}{d-2}. Writing e(t)=e2πite(t)=e^{2\pi i t} and αn\bm{\alpha}\cdot\bm{n} for the Euclidean inner product, Bourgain's discrete restriction conjecture.

[0,1)dnSd,mane(αn)pdαp,ϵm(d2)p4d2+ϵ(nSd,man2)p/2.\int_{[0,1)^d}\left|\sum_{\bm{n}\in S_{d,m}}\mathfrak{a}_{\bm{n}}e(\bm{\alpha}\cdot\bm{n})\right|^p\,d\bm{\alpha}\ll_{p,\epsilon}m^{\frac{(d-2)p}{4}-\frac d2+\epsilon}\left(\sum_{\bm{n}\in S_{d,m}}|\mathfrak{a}_{\bm{n}}|^2\right)^{p/2}.

This is a restriction estimate for lattice points on spheres, connected to eigenfunctions of the Laplacian on the torus. Its cases d=3d=3 and d=4d=4 imply the corresponding conjectural additive-energy bounds; the general assertion remains open.

Equivalent formulations 1

Other statements of this same problem, merged from separate entries. Each is equivalent to the statement above — proving any one settles them all.

  1. Bourgain's discrete restriction conjecture for lattice points on spheres

    For n3n\ge 3, N1N\ge 1, and λ=N2\lambda=N^2, define the discrete sphere

    Fn,N2={ξ=(ξ1,,ξn)Zn: ξ12++ξn2=N2}.\mathcal F_{n,N^2}=\{\xi=(\xi_1,\ldots,\xi_n)\in\mathbb Z^n:\ |\xi_1|^2+\cdots+|\xi_n|^2=N^2\}.

    For coefficients aξCa_\xi\in\mathbb C, write e(ξx)e(\xi\cdot x) for the exponential character on Tn\mathbb T^n. Bourgain's discrete restriction conjecture for spheres. For each n3n\ge 3, each ϵ>0\epsilon>0, and each p2nn2p\ge\frac{2n}{n-2},

    ξFn,N2aξe(ξx)Lp(Tn)ϵNn22np+ϵaξl2(Fn,N2).\left\|\sum_{\xi\in\mathcal F_{n,N^2}}a_\xi e(\xi\cdot x)\right\|_{L^p(\mathbb T^n)}\lesssim_\epsilon N^{\frac{n-2}{2}-\frac{n}{p}+\epsilon}\|a_\xi\|_{l^2(\mathcal F_{n,N^2})}.

    This is a conjecture about Laplace eigenfunctions on the torus and is motivated by discrete restriction for lattice points on spheres; the source mentions partial results but does not state a resolution.

    source: Jean Bourgain and Ciprian Demeter, “The proof of the l^2 Decoupling Conjecture”, arXiv:1403.5335 (2015).

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Akshat Mudgal, “Additive energies on spheres”, arXiv:2105.06925 (2022).

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