Asymptotic conjecture for successive sums of two squares in arithmetic progressions

Fix a prime q1(mod4)q\equiv1\,(\mathrm{mod}\,4), an integer r2r\geq2, and a=(a1,,ar)Nr\mathbf{a}=(a_1,\dots,a_r)\in\mathbb{N}^r. Let EnE_n be the increasing sequence of sums of two squares, and define

N(x;q,a)=#{Enx:En+i1ai(modq)}.N(x;q,\mathbf{a})=\#\{E_n\leq x:E_{n+i-1}\equiv a_i\,(\mathrm{mod}\,q)\}.

Let KK, Cai,ai+1C_{a_i,a_{i+1}}, and C1C_1 be the constants defined in the source. Conjecture on successive sums of two squares. The stated asymptotic expansion with coefficients C1(a)C_{-1}(\mathbf a), C0(a)C_0(\mathbf a), and C1(a)C_1(\mathbf a) holds exactly as displayed in the source statement. This heuristic prediction extends the two-term bias model to rr successive sums of two squares; it is open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Chantal David, Lucile Devin, Jungbae Nam and Jeremy Schlitt, “Lemke Oliver and Soundararajan bias for consecutive sums of two squares”, arXiv:2105.05048 (2021).

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