The non-associative Moufang loop conjecture for cubic surfaces over number fields

Let VPL3V \subset \mathbb{P}^3_L be a smooth cubic surface defined over a number field LL. Let ν1\nu_1 and ν2\nu_2 be two different places of LL. Suppose that there exists a non-associative Moufang loop of point classes on V(Lν1)V(L_{\nu_1}), and let O\mathcal{O} be the ring of integers of Lν2L_{\nu_2} with maximal ideal generated by a uniformizing element π\pi. Let Vν2V_{\nu_2} be the Zariski closure of VV in PLν23\mathbb{P}^3_{L_{\nu_2}}, and let V~ν2\tilde V_{\nu_2} be its special fibre. Assume that V~ν2\tilde V_{\nu_2} is a cone over a smooth cubic curve over Omodπ\mathcal{O} \mathbin{\bmod} \pi. An admissible equivalence A\mathcal{A} is an equivalence relation on V(L)V(L) compatible with the collinearity operation on point classes. The conjecture. Under these conditions, there exists an admissible equivalence A\mathcal{A} on V(L)V(L) such that the Moufang loop V(L)/AV(L)/\mathcal{A} is not associative. The first condition can occur only when the residue field of Lν1L_{\nu_1} has characteristic 33, while the conjecture predicts that the local non-associativity and the specified cone reduction at a second place produce a global non-associative quotient. The source provides no resolution of this conjecture.

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Primary source

Dimitri Kanevsky, “An example of a non-associative Moufang loop of point classes on a cubic surface”, arXiv:2104.05118 (2023).

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