Weak variance conjecture for the spectral norm of Gaussian matrices

Let XX be a d×dd\times d centered random matrix with jointly Gaussian entries. Define its weak variance by

σ(X)=supv,wRdv2=w2=1(EXv,w2)12.\sigma_{*}(X)=\sup_{\substack{v,w\in\mathbb{R}^{d}\\\|v\|_{2}=\|w\|_{2}=1}}\left(\mathbb{E}\langle Xv,w\rangle^{2}\right)^{\frac{1}{2}}.

Weak variance conjecture. The expected spectral norm satisfies

EXE(XX)12+E(XX)12+logdσ(X).\mathbb{E}\|X\|\lesssim\|\mathbb{E}(X^{*}X)\|^{\frac{1}{2}}+\|\mathbb{E}(XX^{*})\|^{\frac{1}{2}}+\sqrt{\log d}\,\sigma_{*}(X).

The conjecture proposes that the weak variance is the parameter governing whether a logarithmic factor is necessary in noncommutative Khintchine-type bounds. The supplied text does not establish the claim or give evidence of its resolution, so its status remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Afonso S. Bandeira and March T. Boedihardjo, “The spectral norm of Gaussian matrices with correlated entries”, arXiv:2104.02662 (2021).

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