Darmon–Vonk conjecture on prime exponents of real quadratic singular moduli

Let D1,D2D_1,D_2 be coprime fundamental discriminants, let τ1,τ2\tau_1,\tau_2 be the corresponding real quadratic points, and let p13p\leq 13 be prime. Let Jp(τ1,τ2)J_p(\tau_1,\tau_2) be the Darmon–Vonk pp-adic invariant, and let q\mathfrak{q} lie above an integer prime qpq\neq p. If qq is split in Q(D1)\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{D_1}) or Q(D2)\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{D_2}), then ordq(Jp(τ1,τ2))=0\operatorname{ord}_{\mathfrak{q}}(J_p(\tau_1,\tau_2))=0. Otherwise, let O{\mathrm{O}} be a maximal order in the quaternion algebra ramified at p,qp,q. Darmon–Vonk's conjecture. There exist optimal embeddings ϕ1,ϕ2\phi_1,\phi_2 of discriminants D1,D2D_1,D_2 into O{\mathrm{O}} such that

ordq(Jp(τ1,τ2))=IntOq(ϕ1,ϕ2).\operatorname{ord}_{\mathfrak{q}}(J_p(\tau_1,\tau_2))=\operatorname{Int}_{{\mathrm{O}}}^q(\phi_1,\phi_2).

In other words, the exponents of primes above qq in the factorization of Jp(τ1,τ2)J_p(\tau_1,\tau_2) are given by qq-weighted intersection numbers associated to optimal embeddings of D1,D2D_1,D_2 into a maximal order in the indefinite quaternion algebra ramified at p,qp,q. The conjecture proposes an arithmetic interpretation of the prime exponents of the real quadratic analogue of j(τ1)j(τ2)j(\tau_1)-j(\tau_2); the source provides no evidence of a resolution.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

James Rickards, “Counting intersection numbers of closed geodesics on Shimura curves”, arXiv:2104.01968 (2023).

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