Real-rootedness of the Eulerian transformation on the binomial basis cone

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Let n≥0n\geq 0, and let ff be a polynomial of the form

f=∑k=0naktk(1+t)n−k,ak≥0(0≤k≤n).f=\sum_{k=0}^n a_k t^k(1+t)^{n-k},\qquad a_k\geq 0\quad(0\leq k\leq n).

Let E⁡:R[t]→R[t]\operatorname*{\mathcal E}:\mathbb{R}[t]\to\mathbb{R}[t] be the Eulerian transformation defined by E⁡(tm)=Am(t)\operatorname*{\mathcal E}(t^m)=A_m(t), where Am(t)A_m(t) is the mm-th Eulerian polynomial. The paper's conjecture. The polynomial E⁡(f)\operatorname*{\mathcal E}(f) is real-rooted.

This conjecture seeks a restricted real-rootedness-preservation property after Brenti's broader conjecture was disproved. The paper provides partial evidence, including alternatingly increasing and hence unimodal coefficients for the transformed polynomials, as well as real-rootedness results for important subfamilies; the full assertion remains open in the supplied text.

References

Primary source

Petter Brändén and Katharina Jochemko, “The Eulerian transformation”, arXiv:2103.00890 (2021).

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