Folklore conjecture on nonvanishing of quadratic twists

Let EE be any elliptic curve over Q{\mathbb Q}, let rr be a positive integer, and let E(M)E^{(M)} denote the quadratic twist of EE by MM. A square-free integer has exactly rr prime factors when it is the product of exactly rr distinct primes. Folklore nonvanishing conjecture. For any elliptic curve EE over Q{\mathbb Q} and any positive integer rr, there are infinitely many square-free integers MM having exactly rr prime factors such that

L(E(M),1)0.L(E^{(M)},1)\neq 0.

This is a nonvanishing prediction for quadratic twists with prescribed numbers of prime factors; the source calls it folklore and does not state that it has been proved or disproved.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Shuai Zhai, “The Birch–Swinnerton-Dyer exact formula for quadratic twists of elliptic curves”, arXiv:2102.11798 (2025).

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